The primary role of glycocalyx in cellular function is to:

The glycocalyx is a fuzzy-appearing coating found on the extracellular surface of the plasma membrane of many cells. Its primary role is to enhance cell recognition and attachment. This structure is composed mainly of glycoproteins and glycolipids, which contribute to the unique identification features of the cell. The glycoproteins and glycolipids function as "markers" for cell recognition, allowing cells to communicate with each other effectively and to adhere to one another. This capability is crucial in various physiological processes, such as tissue formation, immune response, and the repair of damaged tissues.

In addition, the glycocalyx plays a part in protecting cells from the external environment; however, its most critical function lies in cell-cell recognition and interaction. For example, during the immune response, the glycocalyx helps immune cells recognize and bind to pathogens or infected cells. The distinct markers presented by the glycocalyx are vital for ensuring the proper functioning of biological systems.