What is a carbohydrate attached to a protein called?

A carbohydrate attached to a protein is referred to as a glycoprotein. Glycoproteins play important roles in various biological processes, including cell-cell recognition, signaling, and immune responses. The carbohydrate component can influence the protein’s structure, stability, and function. Glycoproteins are commonly found on the surface of cells and are involved in processes such as cell adhesion and communication, as well as serving as receptors for signaling molecules.

In contrast, glycolipids, which are made up of carbohydrates and lipids, primarily function in cell membrane structure and signaling. Cholesterol is a type of lipid that contributes to membrane fluidity and stability, while phospholipids are the building blocks of cell membranes, providing a barrier and creating a lipid bilayer. Understanding the distinguishing characteristics of these molecules helps clarify their respective biological roles.