What happens to mitochondrial DNA during increased energy activities?

During increased energy activities, mitochondrial DNA is activated to support the higher energy demands of the cells. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, responsible for producing ATP through processes such as oxidative phosphorylation. When energy expenditure increases, there is a corresponding need for more ATP production, which is facilitated by the activation of genes encoded by mitochondrial DNA.

This activation leads to the replication of mitochondrial DNA to produce more mitochondria, a process known as mitochondrial biogenesis. This ensures that an adequate supply of ATP can be generated to meet the heightened energy demands of the body during activities such as exercise. Consequently, the cells adapt by enhancing their mitochondrial function and number, supporting greater metabolic activity.

The other options indicate scenarios that do not reflect the physiological responses of mitochondria during increased energy activity, as there is an overall increase in demand for ATP rather than degradation or inactivity.